《The world of science》SectionB PPT课件

外研版高中英语必修三《The world of science》SectionB PPT课件，共13页。

Vocabulary

1. beyond

beyond one's control超出某人的控制，不受某人的控制

beyond one's imagination 超乎某人的想象

beyond expression 无法表达

beyond description 无法形容

beyond belief令人难以置信

beyond one's power 超出某人的权力范围

beyond compare 无与伦比

练习：The scenery along the lake is beautiful __________________ (无法形容).

2. significant

significance n. 重要性，意义

be of great/much significance 重要的，有重大意义的

be of no/little significance 无关紧要的

have great/no significance (for. . . ) （对……）很重要/不重要

attach (great) significance to. . . （非常）重视……

练习：Something _____________ (significance) is happening to the world population — it is aging.

3. origin

the origin of. . . ……的起源/起因

in origin 在来源上

have one's origins in. . . 起源于……

by origin 籍贯

original adj. 原来的，起初的；独创的

originally adv. 原来，起初

originate vi.起源，发端于；vt. 创立，创建

练习：The jeans today have changed very slightly from their __________ (origin) design.

4. cure

a cure for. . . ……的疗法／措施

cure sth. 治好……疾病

cure sb. 治好某人

cure sb. of sth. 使某人从某种疾病中痊愈

练习：Medical research often makes use ________ the forests' plant and animal life, and the destruction of such species could prevent researchers from finding cures _______ certain diseases.

Grammar

现在完成时的被动语态

动词的语态表示主语与谓语之间的关系。英语有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。下面几种情况一般用被动语态：

1.不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁。

Such books have been written for children.

已经为儿童编写这类书籍了。

2.强调动作的承受者，而不强调动作的执行者。

All these products have been tested. 这些产品都经过测试了。

3.动作的执行者很模糊。

The letter has been opened. 这封信被人拆开了。

4.有时为了礼貌的需要，避免说出动作的执行者。

They have been told many times not to make noises.

已经有人多次跟他们说别那么大声了。

现在完成时的被动语态的基本构成是：have/has been done。但在不同的句式中，其具体形式也有所不同。

1.肯定句形式：主语＋have/has been done (+其他).

The bridge over the Yellow River has just been completed.

黄河上的这座桥刚刚建成。

The plan has been studied by the experts last month.

这个计划在上个月已经由专家研究过了。

2.否定句形式：主语＋have/has not been done (+其他).

They haven't been told the exciting news yet, have they?

还没有人告诉他们这个令人激动的消息，是吗？

The second-hand car has not been sold. 这辆二手汽车还没有被卖出去。

3.一般疑问句形式

Have/Has+主语+ been done (+其他)?

－Has her work been finished? 她的工作完成了吗？

－Yes, it has. 是的，完成了。

4.特殊疑问句形式

特殊疑问词＋have/has+主语＋been done (+其他)?

How long has the machine been used? 这台机器使用多久了？