相关简介
本课件围绕人教版高中英语必修二《Music》单元中的语法板块展开，重点讲解过去分词作表语与状语的核心用法。通过例句分析、配对练习和系统归纳，帮助学习者掌握过去分词在表达情感和描述情境时的功能，同时区分其与被动语态、现在分词的不同，并深入理解使令动词的特殊用法。
Grammar
Express feelings and describe situations
Look at the following sentences and underline the past participles. Find more of them in the text. In pairs, discuss their functions.
1 Born in the USA on 2 January 1970, Whitacre began studying music at the University of Nevada in 1988.
2 Moved by this music, he said, “It was like seeing color for the first time.”
Match the sentence halves and rewrite each sentence beginning with a past participle.
1 Painted in dark colours, the room needed some bright lights.（原因状语）
2 Unemployed, Dave had time to consider what job he really wanted.（原因状语）
3 Moved by his romantic words, the girl accepted his gift.（原因状语）
4 Corrected by his teacher from time to time, he lost interest in singing.（原因状语）
5 Recorded in a new way, the album was expected to be popular with techno fans.（原因状语）
6 Invited to perform on the stage, he felt nervous and excited.（原因状语）
单元语法
过去分词作表语与状语
1 过去分词作表语
（1）过去分词可放在连系动词 be, get, feel, remain, seem, look, become 等之后作表语，表示主语所处的情绪或状态。
Please remain seated；the winner of the prize will be announced soon.请继续坐着，奖品的获得者很快就会宣布。 ［词汇复现］
（2）过去分词作表语与被动语态的区别
“be+ 过去分词”表示状态时，是系表结构，此时分词通常已形容词化；表示动作时，是被动语态，且绝大多数被动结构中的动作执行者由介词 by 引出。
Brian was relaxed when he was sitting on the sofa and watching TV.布赖恩坐在沙发上看电视时感到很放松。
The whole city was destroyed by the terrible disaster.整个城市被可怕的灾难摧毁了。 ［词汇复现］
（3）英语中有很多与感觉有关的使令动词，其现在分词表示主动意义，即“令人……的”，多用来修饰物；其过去分词表示被动意义，即“感到……的”，多用来修饰人、人的声音或表情等。常用的这类词有：
They were shocked to know that some people died of the unknown disease. 得知一些人死于这种未知的疾病，他们感到震惊。 ［词汇复现］
Although the little girl was frightened, she answered in a calm voice. 虽然小女孩很害怕，但她还是用平静的声音回答。
【学法点拨】
有些使令动词，如 dress, seat, absorb 等，其过去分词无论作定语还是表语，都无被动的意味。因为 dress oneself in 等于 be dressed in；seat oneself on 等于 be seated on；absorb oneself in 等于 be absorbed in，这种现象缘于反身代词的用法：主语和宾语同为一人，主语是动作的发出者，又是动作的承受者，这就出现了被动语态或过去分词不表示“被动”的语言现象。
2 过去分词作状语
过去分词（短语）作状语，表示动作发生的背景或情况，其逻辑主语是句子的主语。过去分词（短语）在句中作状语可以表示时间、条件、方式或伴随、让步、原因等。
（1）表示时间 过去分词（短语）作时间状语，相当于一个时间状语从句。
Asked why he did it（=When he was asked why he did it）, the monitor said it was his duty.当被问到他为什么这么做时，班长说这是他的职责。
（2）表示条件 过去分词（短语）作条件状语，相当于一个条件状语从句。
Given better attention（=If it were given better attention）, the accident could have been avoided.如果当时多加注意，事故本来是可以避免的。
（3）表示方式或伴随 过去分词（短语）作方式状语或伴随状语，可以转换成一个并列句。
The patient got off the bed,（and he was）supported by the nurse.那个病人在护士的搀扶下下了床。
（4）表示让步 过去分词（短语）作让步状语，相当于一个让步状语从句。
Encouraged by his parents（=Although he was encouraged...）, he still has no confidence in overcoming the difficulties. 尽管受到了父母的鼓励，他仍然没有信心克服困难。 ［词汇复现］
